Intra-family time allocation to housework - French evidence

We analyse new time diary data from France to explore the relationship between economic variables and husbands’ share of housework time. Consistent with both bargaining and specialization models of the family, we find that the greater the husband’s share of labor income, the lower his share of housework time; the greater the wife’s market hours, the lower his housework time, but the larger his share of housework time. Treating market work as endogenous substantially lowers the size of these estimates, but they remain statistically significant. A parsimonious specification based on the specialization model generates estimates for housework share wage elasticities. The own wage elasticity of wives’ housework is -0.3 and the elasticity of husbands’ housework share with respect to wives’ wages is +0.25.Time allocation, intra-family, time use, home production, bargaining, elasticities

Economic Fundamentals Of the Knowledge Society

This article provides an introduction to fundamental issues in the development of new knowledge-based economies. After placing their emergence in historical perspective and proposing a theoretical framework that distinguishes knowledge from information, the authors characterize the specific nature of such economies. They go on to deal with some of the major issues concerning the new skills and abilities required for integration into the knowledge-based economy; the new geography that is taking shape (where physical distance ceases to be such an influential constraint); the conditions governing access to both information and knowledge, not least for developing countries; the uneven development of scientific, technological (including organizational) knowledge across different sectors of activity; problems concerning intellectual property rights and the privatization of knowledge; and the issues of trust, memory and the fragmentation of knowledge. This monograph is concerned with the nature of the process of macroeconomic growth that has characterized the U. S. experience, and manifested itself in the changing pace and sources of the continuing rise real output per capita over the course of the past two hundred years. A key observation that emerges from the long-term quantitative economic record is that the proximate sources of increases in real GDP per head in the century between 1889 and 1999 were quite different from those which obtained during the first hundred years of American national experience. Baldly put, the economy's ascent to a position of twentieth century global industrial leadership entailed a transition from growth based upon the interdependent development and extensive exploitation of its natural resources and the substitution of tangible capital for labor, towards a the maintenance of an productivity leadership through rising rates of intangible investment in the formation and exploitation of technological and organizational knowledge.

The Explicit Economics of Knowledge Codification and Tacitness

not availableeconomics of technology ;

Linking Policy Research and Practice in 'STIG Systems': Many Obstacles, but Some Ways Forward

This paper reflects on the relevance of systems thinking about the interdependent policy issues bearing on the dynamics of science, technology and innovation in their relationship to economic growth. Considering the approach that characterizes much of the current economics literatures treatment of technology and growth policies, we pose the critical question: what kind of systems paradigm is likely to prove particularly fruitful in that particular problem-domain: Evolutionary, neo-Schumpeterian, and complex system dynamics approaches are conceptually attractive and we analyze their respective virtues while also acknowledging their more serious problematic features. Those become visible quickly when trying connect systems-relevant research with practical policy-making in this field. Not content to have simply identified some significant obstructions in the path toward that goal, the paper also suggests some potentially feasible ways forward.Techonological Change, systems paradigm, STIG systems,

League tables for literacy survey data based on random effect models.

Data from the International Adult Literacy Survey are used to illustrate how league tables can be obtained from summary data, consisting of percentages and their standard errors, using random effects models estimated by nonparametric maximum likelihood

Silicon based oxidation-resistant coatings on Ti6242 alloy by dynamic ion mixing

The influence of SixCy and SixNy amorphous coatings on the oxidation resistance of a Ti6242 (Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–2Mo) alloy was investigated. They were produced at room temperature by the dynamic ion mixing technique combining physical vapour deposition with simultaneous bombardment with 120 keV Ar+ ions. Isothermal oxidation tests were carried out at 600 °C in 1 atm flowing synthetic air (80% N2, 20% O2) demonstrating a considerable reduction (not, vert, similartwo orders of magnitude) of the oxidation rate for at least 100 h. The structural modifications after oxidation were investigated by XPS, XRD, SEM, SIMS. The formation of SiO2 is detected as the main oxidation product in the coating and the formation of Ti–Si compounds is also observed in the coating/substrate interface region. The crystallisation of SixNy is not detected and for SixCy only some traces of β-SiC could exist. The improvement of oxidation resistance of Ti6242 is discussed in relation with the intrinsic properties of the coatings and with the interface mixing and ion beam densification